I’m not sure what else you can try… 
I’ll summon some devs ( @Albert or @not_owen_wilson ). It makes no sense that it’s happening only in the latest build and not the previous unstable ones, maybe something important has changed.
If you have any crash.dmp file in the Stonehearth folder, can you upload it here please?
A quick search shows these threads in the forum, related to firewalls and such:
http://discourse.stonehearth.net/t/game-starts-with-a-black-screen-uninstall-windows-8-firewall-control/18036/18?u=relyss
http://discourse.stonehearth.net/t/help-start-up-and-quit-itself-black-screen-with-game-sound-lavasoft-ad-aware/17352?u=relyss
I remember a weird issue where the files were not accesible due to processes, but it’s unrelated. Your log looks fine, no errors, no mods, no crashes… 