Go to the Steam store. Can you see recommended games? If not, then Steam doesn’t detect that you’re already logged in (sometimes it happens to me that I can’t even see my own inventory in the Steam client due to this).
The mods screen will only show the workshop mods if you’re logged to Steam, but if Steam thinks you aren’t, this will happen.
Try reloading Steam or something and see if it helps (will probably need to restart the game after that too).